– This is the Hill House in south-west Scotland.
这是位于苏格兰西南部的希尔住宅
It was built in 1902
它建于1902年
using design and construction techniques that were years ahead of their time.
采用了领先当时多年的设计与施工技术
It’s an important bit of architectural history,
是建筑史上的里程碑
but because it was years ahead of its time,
但因其领先性
it was also experimental.
它也是试验性的
It turns out that the house exterior just soaks up
结果发现在苏格兰下大雨时
all the heavy Scottish rains and lets the water in.
房屋外表会渗水
120 years after it was built,
建成120年后
this whole building is slowly cracking and crumbling and dissolving.
整座建筑正在慢慢破裂消融
The first step of saving this house is to dry it out, slowly and carefully.
拯救它的第一步就是小心地慢慢把它弄干
The problem is, it rains 190 days a year around here.
问题是 这里一年中有190天都在下雨
So the National Trust for Scotland
因此 苏格兰国民信托组织
had to build a very big drying room.
不得不造一个很大的干燥室
– The Hill House is so important. It is globally known.
希尔住宅非常重要 它举世闻名
We attract visitors from all over the world
我们在一场朝圣途中
in a pilgrimage to come and visit the Hill House.
吸引了世界各地的游客来此参观
Charles Rennie Mackintosh is definitely one of Scotland’s
查尔斯·雷尼·麦金托什无疑是苏格兰
most famous architects and designers.
最著名的建筑师和设计师之一
It is Mackintosh’s domestic masterpiece
这是麦金托什在国内的杰作
and really is so ahead of its time.
确实十分超前
When you walk through the front door,
当你从正门走入
when you picture what was essentially a Victorian family living in this house,
想象一个维多利亚时代的家庭在此居住
you realise how forward-thinking Mackintosh was in his design.
你会意识到麦金托什的设计是多么的前卫
He used a material called Portland cement on the exterior.
他在墙表使用了一种叫波特兰水泥的材料
There is no lime at all used on site as well.
同时整个建筑也没有使用石灰
We’re located in one of the wettest parts of Scotland
这里是苏格兰海伦斯堡最潮湿的地区之一
in Helensburgh so it really was a recipe for disaster.
很容易滋生灾患
The Hill House has been described as
希尔住宅在人们口中
“dissolving like an aspirin in a glass of water”.
就像“在一杯水中溶化的阿司匹林”
The box basically buys us some time to dry the house out,
这个盒子让我们有时间把房子晾干
shelter it from around 86% of the elements.
使其免遭约86％的恶劣天气的影响
It acts like a giant umbrella
它起到一把大伞的作用
and shields the house from the weather.
保护这个房子不受天气影响
– The walls in this box are made of chainmail.
这个大盒子的墙是用链甲做成的
If you go and order a modern armour costume with a chainmail vest,
如果你去订做一套带锁子甲的现代盔甲服装
it will be made of this same stuff.
它和墙所用的材料是一样的
It’s more than 30 million rings of stainless steel
墙是用超过三千万个不锈钢环连接而成的
linked together, weighing eight tonnes.
重量达到了八公吨
The roof catches most of the rain and the chain mail catches
屋顶挡住了大部分的雨水
what blows in from the sides,
而链甲则挡住了从侧边吹进来的雨水
but it also lets air through for ventilation.
但也能让空气流通
It lets bees and other insects through to pollinate the plants in here.
它可以让蜜蜂和其他昆虫进来给里面的植物授粉
And it’s all recyclable afterwards because it’s steel.
而且因为是钢铁 可以循环使用
You just melt it down into something else.
只需融化就可以做成别的东西
– The box is made up of 32.4 million individual chain mail links
盒子由环绕房屋的3240万个独立锁甲环组成
that surround the house, and the worlds largest sheet of chain mail.
是世界上最大的链甲片
In terms of construction, it took nine months
建造这个盒子用了九个月
and all the chain mail links were hand-sewn
而且所有的链甲是用人手连接的
so it was a very, very time consuming project
所以这是一个非常 非常耗时的工程
and definitely a labour of love.
当然 这绝对是出于热爱
It really is one of a kind. It costs around £4,500,000.
它是独一无二的 花了将近450万英镑
If you were to cover the house completely,
如果你完全把房子盖住
it would be at risk of suffering from environmental shock
房子就会存在遭受环境冲击的危险
and it would cause more damage than good.
而且会导致弊大于利
The box style allows the house to breathe, that is really important.
盒子的设计能使房子通风 这点非常重要
It would dry out too quickly and it would cause damage to the exterior,
干得太快会对外部造成损坏
and indeed, to the collection inside the property as well.
实际上对里面的藏品和财产也会造成损坏
Before, you were able to visit the house,
之前你能参观这个房子
and it was here on its own and it was amazing,
它浑然天成 而美轮美奂
but the box adds another level.
但这个盒子赋予了它另一种层次
There are walkways all around the property.
房子周围都是走道
You can walk around the perimeter of the house,
你可以在房子的外围走来走去
even up and over the top,
甚至步入或越过屋顶
seeing the house from aspects that Mackintosh himself
从麦克托什自己都未曾看过的角度
would never even have seen.
来看这座房屋
what you’re seeing at the Hill House is conservation in action.
在希尔住宅 你看到的是保护措施在行动
– They didn’t need to add the staircases and gantries and ramps here.
他们不需要在这里增加楼梯 吊架和坡道
But if you block this house from public view
但如果你让这个房子远离公众视野
for the 15 years it’ll take to dry out and repair,
长达15年 用来晾干和修复
then there’s a chance the public are going to forget about it.
那么大众便可能将它遗忘
It’ll look like a construction site, an eyesore.
它会看上去像个建筑工地 很难看
If instead you highlight it,
相反如果你突出它的特征
you create something one-of-a-kind like this box
你创造出像这个盒子一样独一无二的东西
and you let the public see the house from angles
你让大众从可能再也看不到的角度
that will likely never be possible again…
来观赏这座住宅
well, then, you’re not just preserving important architecture.
那么你不仅仅是在保护一座建筑
You’re promoting it.
你还升华了它
And for me, that’s the cleverest part of all this.
对我来说 那是最聪明的一点
I wouldn’t be here, you wouldn’t be watching this,
如果没有这个盒子
if it wasn’t for the box.
我不会在这 你也不会在此停留
It was built in 1902–
建于1902年–
[laughs]
[笑声]
There’s one more step than I thought there was there!
比我想的还要多一级台阶