中风
A stroke occurs when the blood flow
当大脑的部分血液流动受阻时
in part of your brain is blocked.
就会发生中风
After just a few minutes, the starved brain cells begin to die.
几分钟后 缺血的脑细胞就会开始死亡
正常生理解剖
Normally, the brain receives blood via two major pairs of arteries,
正常情况下 大脑主要通过两条动脉
which branch throughout brain tissue,
将血液输送到整个脑组织
and supply your brain cells with a constant flow of
为脑细胞持续供应其功能所需的
oxygen, glucose,and nutrients necessary for their functions.
氧气 葡萄糖和其它营养物质
缺血性中风
In one type of stroke, ischemic stroke,
缺血性中风是中风的其中一种
an artery in your brain narrows,
是由脑部动脉变窄
or becomes completely blocked, preventing normal blood flow.
或完全被堵塞 血液无法正常流动所引起的
The blockage may be caused by a blood clot, also called a thrombus,
这堵塞可能是由于受损动脉所产生的
which forms in an unhealthy artery of the brain.
血液凝块 俗称血栓 所导致的
The lack of blood flow causes the tissue the artery supplies to become starved, or ischemic.
血液流动受阻会导致动脉供血组织缺血
Similarly, the blockage may be due to an embolus, a blood clot that forms elsewhere in the body
同样的 堵塞也可能是由身体其他部位
and travels to the brain.
产生的栓塞物流动到大脑所引起的
The embolus lodges in a narrow artery and obstructs blood flow.
栓塞物滞留在狭窄的动脉中 阻碍血液流动
出血性中风
In contrast, during a hemorrhagic stroke,
与此相反 出血性中风是由于异常出血
abnormal bleeding disrupts normal blood flow.
从而导致血液流动失常所引起的
For example, in an intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke,
例如 在脑出血中风中
a blood vessel bursts, spilling blood directly onto your brain,
血管破裂 血液直接流入脑部
while robbing the intended tissue of nourishment.
血液中的营养物质丢失
Both the hemorrhage and ischemia destroy brain tissue.
出血和缺血都会损伤脑组织
A subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke
蛛网膜下腔出血性中风
occurs when a weak spot in a blood vessel wall, called an aneurysm, bursts
是由于血管壁薄弱处 俗称动脉瘤破裂
and leaks blood into the tight space between your brain and your skull.
血液流入到脑髓和颅骨之间的间隙中
The high-pressure bleeding results in serious damage to brain tissue.
引起的高血压对大脑造成严重的损伤
中风的治疗
Immediate treatment for your stroke
中风后及时治疗
may help to minimize brain cell injury and death.
能把脑细胞的伤亡降到最低
If you have an ischemic stroke,
如果你患了缺血性中风
you may be given medication to break up the clot causing your stroke.
你可以通过吃药来分解掉引起中风的血栓
Later, your doctor may recommend surgery,
有时 你的主治医生可能会建议手术
such as carotid endarterectomy,
如颈动脉内膜切除
to reduce your risk of having another ischemic stroke.
以降低再次中风的风险
In the case of hemorrhagic stroke,
对于出血性中风
emergency surgery may be necessary
需要进行紧急手术
to repair damaged arteries,
修复受损的血管
or reduce the pressure of the blood on your brain.
降低脑部的血压
You may be given medication to help the brain’s blood flow return to normal.
你可能需要吃药 帮助大脑血流恢复正常