苏格兰国家美术馆
艺术与艺术家介绍 安迪·沃霍尔
按下快门 “所有照片都是波普
所有摄影师都是疯子
他们满怀愧疚
因为除了按快门 再无事可做”
Photography was crucial to Andy Warhol’s art.
摄影对安迪·沃霍尔的艺术成就至关重要
It was this exposure to current events at a young age that
儿时受到的时事新闻的浸染
he later said shaped his obsession with pop culture and celebrities.
使他开始痴迷于流行文化和社会名人
After graduating and moving to New York in 1949
1949年毕业后 沃霍尔搬到纽约
Warhol quickly became established as one of New York’s
他很快成为人所共知的
most sought-after, commercial illustrators
纽约最受欢迎的商业插画师
working for magazines such as Glamour and Harper’s Bazaar.
为《魅力杂志》和《时尚芭莎》这样的杂志社工作
However, it was in the early-sixties that
不过事实上 直到上世纪六十年代初期
he began to produce the work for which he is most celebrated.
他才开始创作其最为人知的作品
As the most famous proponent of Pop Art,
作为波普艺术最著名的支持者
his earliest ‘Pop’ works depict consumer goods and images from the press.
他的早期波普作品充斥着日用品和新闻图片的形象
This evolved to reveal his enduring fascination with celebrity and mortality
这些作品寄托着他对名人和死亡这两个主题的痴迷
with many of his most powerful images touching on these themes.
许多最有影响力的作品更是如此
Although Warhol’s renowned screenprinted paintings,
尽管沃霍尔著名的丝网印刷作品
such as his portraits of the rich and famous,
比如他为富人和名人画创作的肖像图
have become his defining work,
已经成为他的典型作品
he also extensively explored the medium of photography
但他也对摄影媒介进行了探索
created ground-breaking films
拍摄了一些开拓性的电影
and produced some inspirational advertising campaigns.
还制作了一些创意十足的广告
– Do you work hard? I mean, I just suspect
你工作辛苦吗？我是说 只是觉得……
– I just work, mmm, work all the time
我就工作 嗯 就一直不停地工作
我之所以用这种方式作画
是因为我希望成为一台机器
我认为 不管做什么 我都像台机器一样行事
而这正是我想要的
Warhol’s own celebrity was defined by his pithy style of public pronouncements –
沃霍尔还以发言简洁而闻名
often reduced to a mere ‘yes’, ‘no’ or ‘uh-uh’.
他的回答通常是短短的“是的”“不”或者“呃”
This can be seen as part and parcel of his desire to be a machine,
这也很符合他的机器人行事风格
a sort of automation with no feelings
如自动回复一般 不带任何感情
no spontaneous deviation from a pre-programmed response.
毫无偏差 恰似预定好的程序
A public façade to avoid having to engage in public debate.
如此的公众形象可使他免于陷入社会舆论
But, in fact, it was much more serious and considered than that.
事实上 这种做法是经过深思熟虑的
He had been fascinated by the idea of industrial design and mechanised production
安迪·沃霍尔一直着迷于工业设计和机械化生产
epitomized by processes such as photography and screen printing.
并通过摄影和丝网印刷手法来展现它们
Andy Warhol was obsessed with fame
安迪·沃霍尔还看重名气
and produced many pictures of the rich and famous.
他创作过许多达官显贵的肖像图片
However, he was never afraid to solicit commissions for portraits
也从来不羞于寻求更多创作肖像的委托
and would often suggest that he could create a portrait of a pet,
他甚至会建议 如果主人自己不愿为此久坐的话
if someone was unwilling to sit for their own portrait.
可以给宠物来一张
Maurice was the beloved dachshund of the famous collector Gabrielle Keiller.
Maurice是著名收藏家Gabrielle Keiller心爱的腊肠犬
To create this screen-printed image,
为了创作这副丝网印刷作品
he worked from Polaroids of Maurice, taken from Kieller’s London home.
沃霍尔用了Maurice在Kieller伦敦住所照的拍立得相片
– Now people – if they want a portrait of their animal, can commission you? – Yeah.
– 如果人们想有张自己宠物的肖像 他们可以委托你？ – 是的
– And what, this is the first one?
– 那么 这是第一个？
– Yeah, this is the first one. It’s the nicest dog I’ve ever met.
-是的 这是第一个 它是我见过的最棒的狗
Reporter: When will you do him?
你会在什么时候为它作画呢？
Warhol: It’s nicer than my dog.
比我自己的狗还棒
– [Laughs] Is it? – [Laughs] Yes.
– [笑声]是吗？ – [笑声]是的
He may have wanted to be seen as a machine,
沃霍尔虽想让众人将自己视为一台机器
but Warhol’s work was the result of more than mere button pushing.
但他的作品远不止按快门这么简单
Though when it came to the art world, the media and the viewing public,
不过 在面对艺术界 媒体界和大众时
he certainly enjoyed pushing buttons.
他的确善于“按快门”般回避