There’s no question that the British royal family is wealthy.
毋庸置疑 英国王室很富裕
Look at their homes, their transportation,
看看他们的住宅 代步工具
their weddings, their jet-setting,
婚礼 喷气式飞机
they live the lifestyles of the richest people on earth.
他们过的是世界上最富有的生活
So, when Prince Harry and Meghan Markle announced
所以 当哈里王子和梅根王妃宣布
they wanted a new financial relationship with the monarchy,
他们想和王室建立新的财务关系时
it opened up questions about
这就引发了一系列问题：
how the British family really makes their money,
英国王室到底是如何赚钱的？
and what exactly are Harry and Meghan leaving behind?
哈里和梅根究竟放弃了什么？
It turns out, the search for those answers
事实证明 要找到这些问题的答案
starts with some of the most iconic royal real estate.
得先去看看最具代表性的一些皇家庄园
This map shows some of the real estate in the UK that is associated with the royal family.
这张地图展示了一些隶属王室的英国庄园
This is Balmoral Castle in Scotland where the Queen spends her summers.
这是苏格兰的巴尔莫勒尔堡 女王的夏宫
This is the Savoy Chapel,
这是萨伏伊礼拜堂
nestled between buildings in central London.
位于伦敦市中心的两座建筑之间
And this is Windsor Castle, just outside of London,
这是伦敦郊外的温莎城堡
where the Queen often hosts foreign leaders.
女王常在这招待外国领导人
Each one of these three properties
这三处地产
represents a different way the royal family makes their fortune.
分别代表了王室不同的生财之道
The first is one of two that falls in the Queen’s private wealth,
第一类是女王的两项私人财产之一
which means if she were to leave the throne,
这意味着即使她退位
it would still be hers.
也不会失去所有权
These can be traced back to the 1800s
这些私产的历史可以追溯到十九世纪
when Queen Victoria bought them
维多利亚女王买下了它们
and they’ve been passed down through generations.
而后代代相传
The other set of properties that contribute to their private wealth are the Duchies
王室的另一项私产来源是公爵领地
– Am I saying that right? Duchies? – Duchies, that’s right.
– 是这么说的吗？“公爵领地”？ – 对 是叫公爵领地
There is something called the Duchy of Lancaster.
有一个叫兰卡斯特公国的地方
This is an old estate,
那是一个古老的庄园
ancestral estate dating back to the 14th century.
可以追溯到14世纪
It’s now a portfolio of property
现在作为一种资产投资组合
and it provides a private income for the queen.
为女王提供私人收入
That portfolio includes historic sites and land throughout the UK,
这一投资组合涵盖英国各地的历史遗迹和土地
which is a lot.
规模很大
But the most profitable property
但最赚钱的资产
are these blocks of commercial real estate in central London,
是位于伦敦中心的这些商业地产街区
which includes Savoy Chapel.
包括萨伏伊礼拜堂
There’s also the Duchy of Cornwall, 130,000 acres of property
还有康沃尔公国 占地13万英亩
that includes castles, holiday cottages and a cricket stadium in London.
包括城堡 度假别墅和一个伦敦的板球场
Over the past 60 years, the Duchies have become increasingly profitable.
过去六十年中 公爵领地的盈利越来越多
In 2019, they each made just over 20 million pounds
2019年 这两处领地分别为王室创造了
for the royal family.
两千多万英镑的收入
The income from the Duchy of Cornwall
康沃尔公国的收入
goes to the heir to the throne, Prince Charles.
归王位继承人查理王子所有
About 5 million pounds of that went to his sons,
2019年 其中的500万
William and Harry, in 2019.
分给了他的儿子威廉和哈里
And the income from the Duchy of Lancaster goes to the Queen.
兰卡斯特公国的收入归女王所有
But there’s a catch.
但这有一个条件
She only gets that because she’s…she’s the queen.
她能拿到这份收入仅仅因为她是女王
It goes with the job.
这与王位挂钩
If she abdicated tomorrow,
如果明天她退位了
she wouldn’t get 30 million dollars a year.
就不能每年拿到三千万美元了
It goes with the crown, as it were.
可以说这是王位带来的财富
And because it goes with the crown,
正因如此
it’s not really, totally a private estate
这不能算一处完全意义上的私产
The best guess of the net worth of the Queen,
作为王室最富有的成员
the richest royal family member,
女王净资产的最合理估算
is about 370 million pounds.
约为3.7亿英镑
That’s obviously very rich,
显然女王很有钱
but it puts her nowhere near the richest people in the world.
但远不及那些世界上最有钱的人
The illusion of the royal family’s wealth is greater than their actual wealth
由于王室还有第三种赚钱的方式
because of the third way they make money.
他们看起来比实际更富有
These properties are part of what’s called the Crown Estate.
这些财产是所谓的皇家财产的一部分
The Crown Estate includes iconic landmarks,
皇家财产包括了一些地标
like Windsor Castle, Buckingham Palace and the Tower of London.
比如温莎城堡 白金汉宫和伦敦塔
It also includes commercial real estate in London,
还有一些伦敦的商业地产
and lots of land, including the seabed around the UK.
以及包括英国海岸线在内的很多土地
This group is worth billions of pounds,
这组资产价值数十亿英镑
but it doesn’t actually figure into the Queen’s wealth.
却并不算是女王的财富
And the reason behind that can be traced back to a time
这背后的原因可以追溯到
the royals really needed money.
王室急需用钱的时期
In the 18th century, you had a long list of German kings,
18世纪时 英国有多位德裔国王
the Georges, Georges I, II to IV.
乔治家族 乔治一世 二世到四世
And they wasted a lot of money, and they were terrible with money.
他们花钱大手大脚 入不敷出
And they got into lots of trouble with the government,
他们给政府惹了很多麻烦
and in the end, one of the Georges, George III said,
最后 乔治家族中的一位 乔治三世说
“You know, I’m broke. I’ll give you all my crown lands.
“我没钱了 我会把皇家地产都交给你们
These were the personal lands owned by the King.
这些是国王的私人土地
And in return you give me a set of amount of money.”
作为回报 你们要给我一笔钱”
So they gave up ownership of all these lands
所以 为了得到纳税人的钱
in exchange for taxpayer money
为王室的生活方式买单
that would pay for the royal family’s lifestyle.
他们放弃了这些地产的所有权
This part of their income today is called the sovereign grant.
如今 王室的这部分收入叫做君主拨款
Between 2018 and 2019,
2018到2019年间
that amounted to about 80 million pounds.
这笔钱数目达八千万英镑左右
We don’t know exactly
我们不知道到底
how much of the sovereign grant went to Harry and Meghan,
哈里和梅根获得了多少君主拨款
but it accounts for 5% of the couple’s income as part of their royal titles,
但顶着王室头衔 君主拨款占这对夫妇收入的5%
the other 95% comes from the Duchy of Cornwall.
剩下的95%来自康沃尔公国
The sovereign grant funding doesn’t go into the royal family’s pockets,
君主拨款不会直接进王室的钱袋子
it’s supposed to enable Her Majesty to carry out her official duties
而是作为女王陛下履行公务的花费
like to travel, to pay her staff and to maintain the royal residencies.
例如旅行 给员工发工资 维护王室住宅
Even so, taxpayer support for the monarchy has long been controversial.
即便如此 用纳税人的钱支持王室一直存在争议
And that became evident when Windsor Castle caught fire in 1992.
1992年温莎城堡着火时 这表现得十分明显
Smoke continued to roll from gaping holes in the roof,
浓烟持续从屋顶的大洞中滚滚而出
15 hours and 1.5 million gallons of water later,
经过15个小时 消耗了150万加仑的水后
as the royal treasures litter the lawn
草坪上堆满了皇家宝物
like an upmarket garage sale.
像是高档的旧货甩卖
It was learned there was no fire insurance.
据了解当时城堡没有火灾险
Should you, will you pay for the repair of Windsor Castle?
你该支付温莎城堡的维修费吗？你愿意支付吗？
Patricia in Notting Hill, Hello.
你好 诺丁山的Patricia
–Hello. –Hello, what do you think?

–你好 –你好 你怎么看？
No, absolutely not.
不 绝不承担
I don’t see why, us as the taxpayers,
我不明白我们纳税人
should pay for the Windsor Castle fire
为什么要为温莎城堡的火灾买单
when it’s actually her house.
那其实是女王的房子
That debate continues today,
这种争论一直持续至今
every time the sovereign grant report comes out.
每次发布君主拨款报告时都会争论
The new home of Meghan and Harry, the Duke and Duchess of Sussex
苏塞克斯公爵夫妇——梅根和哈里的新家
cost the public nearly 2.5 million pounds to refurbish,
翻新就花掉了公众近250万英镑
that’s more than 3 million dollars.
合300多万美元
But the argument in favor of public funding
但是支持公共资助的论述
usually centers on how much people have always loved the royal family
总是强调人们一直多么喜爱王室
and are willing to pay for it
并愿意为王室买单
The monarchy attracts millions of tourists every year.
英国王室每年吸引了数百万游客
Their baby announcements and their weddings and even their scandals
王室生子 结婚 甚至丑闻
are broadcast around the world.
都会公之于众
Now, the royal family is all about image.
如今 王室是象征性的符号
They don’t actually have that much formal power.
他们并没有那么多实权
What they do have, you know, is a brand.
他们有的只是一个头衔
You know, they’ve been called one of the most valuable brands in Britain.
被誉为英国最有价值的品牌之一
But a big part of maintaining that brand is not to exploit it.
但维持这一头衔 很大程度在于不能用它谋利
If you are a working royal,
若你是一名在任的王室成员
you’re not really allowed to have a private source of income.
是不允许有私人收入来源的
You’re not allowed to cash in.
不许赚钱
That means not working outside their official royal duties,
这意味着他们不能承担
like diplomacy and charity work.
像外交和慈善这些王室职责以外的工作
And that these real estate portfolios are the primary way they make money.
这些房地产投资组合是他们赚钱的主要方式
This is the financial model Prince Harry and Meghan Markle are leaving behind.
这就是哈里王子和梅根舍弃的财务模式
In their announcement in early 2020,
2020年初的声明中
they said they’d give all this up in favor of being financially independent.
他们表示将放弃这一切以换取财务独立
What they’d be taking with them is their private wealth, which is a lot.
他们要带走的是庞大的私人财富
Meghan was a successful actress on the TV series Suits,
梅根是美剧《金装律师》中一位成功的女演员
and Harry inherited millions from his mother, Princess Diana.
哈里从母亲戴安娜王妃那继承了数百万美元
They could also keep earning income from the Duchy of Cornwall.
他们还能继续从康沃尔公国获得收入
What they would be giving up is this part of income
他们将放弃的是君主拨款这部分的收入
and also breaking free from the limitations of taxpayer funding.
也打破了不能自由使用纳税人资金的限制
But with that independence comes the fear
但伴随其财务独立
that they’ll be committing the ultimate royal taboo,
人们开始担心他们会触犯王室的终极禁忌
capitalizing off the monarchy.
从君主制中获利
They could be viewed as using the monarchy to boost their brand
他们会被视为利用王室来扩大自身的品牌效应
They’re already in talks with Disney, they are talking to Oprah.
他们已经在与迪士尼 奥普拉谈合作了
The very future of the monarchy could be at stake here,
英王室的未来将会岌岌可危
especially if the brand that Meghan and Harry have created at SussexRoyal
尤其是如果梅根和哈里创立的“皇家苏塞克斯”
eventually eclipses the brand of the British royals.
最终使英王室的名头黯然失色
But in one important respect, it’s rather healthy
但一个重要的方面是 这是良性的
because what it has done, it has raised to the surface a number of issues,
因为这么做让许多问题浮出水面
not just to do with Harry, but to do with the whole royal family
不只是哈里 还有整个王室
that haven’t been properly addressed.
都未妥善解决的问题
How does a royal make a living?
比如王室成员如何谋生？
And maybe it needs to loosen up a bit to be a bit more flexible
或许该放开一点 更灵活一点