你是否曾经疑惑世界上究竟有多少国家？
Have you ever wondered how many countries there are in the world?
虽然这个问题看上去很简单
While it may seem like a fairly straightforward question,
实际回答起来却很复杂
it’s actually quite complicated.
问题在于
The problem is –
提问的对象不同 得到的答案就不同
it depends on who you ask as to what answer you get and
并没有一个普遍认同的答案
there is no one generally accepted answer.
并且 “国家”这个词没有官方定义
Also, the word ‘country’ has no official meaning.
从一个组织开始说起 可能会容易理解
A good place to start might be an organisation that knows what they’re talking about–
那就是：联合国
the United Nations.
目前联合国有193个成员国
There are currently 193 members of the UN.
这就是为什么这是你听过的
This is why this is the lowest number
最少国家数量
you’ll ever hear to how many countries there are.
除了193个成员国
Along with the 193 members,
联合国还有两个常驻非成员观察员国
the UN also has two permanent non-member observer states —
罗马教廷（代表梵蒂冈）和巴勒斯坦
the Holy See (representing the Vatican City State),and the State of Palestine.
虽然不是成员国 但梵蒂冈确实是一个国家
Despite not being a member, the Vatican City is a country
人人皆认为如此
and is recognised by everyone as such.
这是因为
That based on the fact that
梵蒂冈是城中之国
it is a country within a city within a country
不仅用国家或城市的标准来衡量很小
and small not only by country or city standards
而更像一个有800人规模的小村落
but more comparable in size to that of a small village with a population of around 800
面积不超过0.5平方公里
and a land area of less than half a square kilometre.
梵蒂冈是被公认的世界上最小的国家
It is officially the smallest country in the world and
最大的国家俄罗斯是它的三千八百万倍
compared to the largest country, it is 38 million times smaller than Russia.
但是国土面积不是问题
But size doesn’t matter and
梵蒂冈是个国家是事实
the fact of the matter is the Vatican City is a country.
所以按照这样的逻辑 巴勒斯坦也是个国家 没错吧？
So, logic would dictate that the State of Palestine is also a country then, right?
不是的 完全不是
Well, no. Not yet anyway.
巴勒斯坦确实想成为一个真正的联合国成员国
The State of Palestine does want to be a full member of the UN
并在2011年11月递交了申请
and submitted an application in November of 2011.
罗马教廷不想成为成员国的原因很简单
However, the only reason the Holy See isn’t a full member is simply because
它没有这个意愿
it doesn’t want to be.
很可能因为罗马教廷想保持中立
Possibly because it wants to remain neutral.
一个原因导致巴勒斯坦不可能成为完全成员国
It seems unlikely that Palestine will gain full membership for one reason
即：美利坚合众国
the United States of America.
如果你不太了解中东局势
If you’re unaware of the situation in the Middle East,
几十年来 巴勒斯坦和以色列陆续的处于战争状态
the Palestinians and the Israelis have waging war on and off for decades.
而以色列是美国紧密的同盟国
And with Israel being of close ally of the United States,
美国经常向以色列提供经济和军事援助
who often provide financial and military assistance to Israel,
美国总是对巴勒斯坦的申请投否决票
the US has always voted against Palestine.
尽管奥巴马总统说 他希望见到一个有独立主权的巴勒斯坦
This is despite president Obama saying he does want a sovereign Palestinian state.
美国甚至不想让巴勒斯坦成为观察国
The US didn’t even want Palestine to become an observer state,
但巴勒斯坦赢得了压倒性的支持
but they still won an overwhelming majority.
但是 为了赢得完全成员国资格
However, in order to gain full membership,
还要取决于联合国安理会的决定
the decision lies with the UN Security Council.
安理会由15个成员国构成
The Security Council is made of 15 members —
五个常任理事国（即五大国）
5 permanent members ( also known as The Big Five),
以及10个非常任理事国 任期两年
and 10 non-permanent members who serve for 2 years.
要想成为联合国的成员国
To become a full member of the UN,
这个国家必须获得三分之二的赞成票
a country must obtain a two-thirds majority vote.
五大常任理事国包括：
The Big Five consists of —
中国 俄罗斯 法国 美国和英国
China, Russia, France, the United States, and the United Kingdom,
每一个常任理事国都拥有否决权
all of whom has what’s known as’veto power’
可用来否决任何联合国的决议 使之不通过
in which they can veto any UN resolution and it won’t get passed,
即使其他14个国家都赞成通过
even if all other 14 members are in favour of it.
所以 美国就可以简单地否决巴勒斯坦成为成员国的申请
Therefore, the US can simply veto any membership application made by the State of Palestine.
除去联合国的原因 还有其他原因
The UN aside though, there are others reasons
人们会犹豫是否称巴拉斯坦是个国家
why you might hesitate to call Palestine a country.
首先 巴勒斯坦没有实际的法定边界线
First of all, they don’t actually have any legally defined borders
用来界定约旦河和加沙地带的领土边界线
and the lines used to outline their claimed territories of the West Bank and the Gaza strip
即1949年创立的真实界线
are actually lines created in 1949
为停战协定的一部分 用来结束阿以战争的暴力冲突
as part of an armistice agreement to end of the violence of the Arab-Israeli war
但是从来没想过将它用作国际边境线
and were never intended to be used as international borders.
除此以外 以色列军队控制着他们大部分的土地
On top of this, the Israeli army control huge parts of their land,
虽然整个国际社会普遍认为
although this is widely considered by the entire international community
这违反了国际公约
as a breach of international law.
继续往下说 美国国务院列出了195个独立国家
Moving on, the US Department of State list 195 independent countries,
包括：联合国193个成员国
and these are–the 193 members of the UN,
之前讨论过的梵蒂冈
the previously discussed Vatican City,
以及科索沃共和国
as well as the Republic of Kosovo.
科索沃是个在东欧得到部分承认的国家
Kosovo is a partially recognised country in Eastern Europe
在2008年从塞尔维亚脱离 宣告独立
that declared its independence from Serbia in 2008.
但是 塞尔维亚拒绝科索沃的独立
However, Serbia rejects their independence and
声称科索沃是塞尔维亚的一个省
claims that Kosovo is a province of Serbia.
距今为止 193个联合国成员国中 有100个成员国
Currently, 100 out of the 193 UN members recognise Kosovo
认为科索沃是个国家 数据来自kosovothanksyou.com（科索沃谢谢你）
as a country according to kosovothanksyou.com,
对于不同国家对他们的认可 这个网站会用不同的语言表示感谢
a website that thanks every country for recognising them in their native language.
科索沃还没有向联合国递交成员国申请
Kosovo hasn’t made a application for UN membership.
这是因为联合国常任理事会
This is because the UN Security Council, the Big Five is
对科索沃独立持不同意见
split on the issue of Kosovo independence.
英国 美国和法国承认科索沃
While the UK, the US and France all recogsnise Kosovo
并与之开展外交
and have diplomatic relations with them,
俄罗斯和中国则否认
Russia and China do not.
如果五个国家被问 科索沃是否是个国家？
If all five were asked’is Kosovo a country? ‘
你能得到各种不同的回答
you would get a variety of different responses
但决议通不过是肯定的
but suffice to say the resolution would not get passed.
根据我经常使用的一个网站
Now,according to a website I use quite a lot,
about.com 列出了196个国家
about.com, there are 196 countries.
其中195个国家跟美国国务院给出的清单一致
They list the same 195 as the US Department of State,
只增加了一个：台湾
plus one more – Taiwan.
台湾的情况很复杂
The situation with Taiwan is an incredibly complex
归结为一点：台湾是否是个国家
one that basically boils down to whether Taiwan is its own country,
还是中国的一部分
or part of China.
联合国官方认为台湾是中国的一部分
While it is officially considered part of China by the UN,
但台湾有自制制度
it effectively operates as its own country and
而中国对台湾没有司法权
China have no jurisdiction with the Taiwan.
顺便提一句 台湾的官方名称
Taiwan’s official name, by the way,
是中华民国
is the Republic of China,
不要混淆中华人民共和国
not to be confused with the PEOPLE’S Republic of China,
或者人们常说的中国
or as they’re more commonly know, well, China.
为了充分了解这个状况
To fully understand the situation
我们需要回溯至1895年
we need to go all the way back to 1895
日本帝国从清政府手中夺取台湾岛的控制权
when the Japanese Empire took control of the island of Taiwanfrom the Qing Dynasty.
20世纪初 清朝灭亡后
After the fall of the Dynasty in the early 20th century,
中华民国在1912年成立
the Republic of China was established in 1912
国民党被选为执政党
and the Nationalist Party were elected government.
1921年 共产党创建
In 1921, the Communist Party of China was founded
但与国民党有着截然不同的意识形态观点
with very different ideological views,
1927年 国民党和共产党爆发内战
and in 1927 the Chinese Civil War began between the Nationalists and the Communists.
1931年 日本抓住中国内战的机会 侵略中国
Japan took the civil war as an opportunity to invade China in 1931.
国共内战一直持续到1937年
And for years the civil war continued until 1937
日本开始进行全面侵华
when Japan began a full-scale invasion of China
控制了北京
and took control of the city of Beijing.
国共内战暂时被搁置
The civil war were temporarily put on hold
共同抵御日本的侵略
so China could defend its land from the Japanese.
1941年 日本轰炸珍珠港
In 1941, Japan bombed Pearl Harbor,
美国随即对日本宣战
causing immediate declaration of war on Japan by the United States
二者被卷入二次世界大战
and began their involvement in World War II.
1945年8月 美国向日本的
In August 1945, the United States dropped atomic bombs
广岛和长崎分别投掷原子弹
on the Japanese cities of Hiroshimaand Nagasaki.
同盟国向日本发出投降最后通牒
The Allied Forces issued Japan a surrender ultimatum:
即波茨坦公告
known as the Potsdam Declaration.
公约陈述 除了其他方面
The agreement stated, among other things,
日本必须放弃武力获取的土地
that Japan must relinquish control of land that they had acquired via force,
包括撤出台湾岛
and this included the island of Taiwan
他们50年前从清朝政府获得的殖民地
obtained 50 years previously from the Qing Dynasty.
同盟国给日本两个选择
The Allies gave two choices to Japan —
无条件投降
an unconditional surrender,
或是面临（以下是引用）“迅速 彻底的毁灭”
or face (and I quote)”prompt and utter destruction”.
1945年9月2日 日本签署协议
On 2nd September 1945 Japan signed the agreement
结束了第二次世界大战
which put an ended to the 2nd World War.
台湾的统治权移交给了中华民国
Sovereignty of Taiwan was therefore handed over to the Republic of China.
1945年晚些时候 联合国成立
Later that year, the United Nations was founded
中华民国作为创始成员国之一
with the Republic of China as one its founding members
成为安理会的常任理事国成员
and one of the permanent members of the Security Council.
五大常任理事国同今天基本相同
The original Big Five were effectively the same as today,
除了中华民国和苏联
except with the Republic of China and the Soviet Union
分别被中华人民共和国和俄罗斯联邦取代
instead of the People’s Republic of China and the Russian Federation respectively.
一年后 中国内战再次爆发
So, one year later and Chinese Civil War started up again.
但这一次
But this time around,
共产党对国民党成压倒性力量
the Communist forces completely overwhelmed the Nationalist forces
在1949年 共产党完全控制了内陆
and in 1949, the Communist Part had total control of the mainland,
逼迫国民党回撤至台湾岛
forcing the Nationalists to retreat to the island of Taiwan.
内战就此结束
This effectively ended the civil war
共产党建立中华人民共和国
and lead to the creation of the People’s Republic of China, by the Communist Party.
难以置信的复杂局面就此产生
This then created an incredibly complicated situation
实际上有两个中国
in which there were effectively two Chinas,
双方都声称拥有相同的土地：整个中国
but both claiming the exact same land: the whole of China.
中华人民共和国控制内陆地区
The People’s Republic of China controlled the mainland,
中华民国控制台湾
while the Republic of China controlled Taiwan,
但是双方都声称对方的领土归自己所有
but both claimed each others land.
接下来的20年 状况一直持续
Things remained like this for the next two decades
中华民国继续在联合国代表中国
while the Republic of China continued to represent China at the UN.
直到1971年 联合国大会投票决定
This was until 1971 when the UN General Assembly voted to
中华人民共和国代替中华民国
replace the Republic of China with the People’s Republic of China
作为中国的唯一代表
as China’s sole representative,
包含台湾在内
including Taiwan,
虽然历史上 中国并没有对台湾岛的任何司法权
despite them never having any jurisdiction on the island in their history.
1991年 中华民国选择了一种不同的方式
In 1991, the Republic of China opted for a different approach
申请联合国成员国
and applied for UN membership
申请名是：台湾共和国
under the name’the Republic of Taiwan’.
台湾不断地重复申请 但是中国有否决权
Taiwan repeatedly re-applied but with China’s veto power, realistically,
这是不可能通过的
it was never going to happen.
现任台湾总统并不想要独立
The current president of Taiwan, however, does not want independence,
在他的就职演说中讲道
and said in his inaugural address —
“不统一 不独立 不开战”
“no reunification, noindependence, no war”.
虽然这么说
However has since said that
他真心希望中国统一
he actually DOES want unification with China.
中国和台湾总统的关系很好
Relations between the Chinese and Taiwanese presidents is good,
他们都同意台湾不应该是个独立的国家
they both agree Taiwan should not be an independent country,
他们都坚持一个中国政策
they both adhere to the one-China policy,
但他们没有在谁对整个中国有主权控制问题上达成一致
unfortunately, they still can’t agree on who actually hassovereignty over China.
台湾像其他国家一样
Still, Taiwan is pretty much like any country –
有自己的护照 自己的总统
they have their own passports, their own president,
自己的政府 自己的军队
their own government, their own military,
他们甚至参加国际体育赛事
they even take part in sporting events
例如奥运会和足球世界杯
such as the Olympics and the FIFA World Cup,
虽然使用的是“中国台北”这个名字
albeit under the pseudonym Chinese Taipei’,
来取悦中国
to keep China happy.
虽然只有少数几个国家公开承认台湾是个国家
So while very few countries officially recognise Taiwan as a country
或者承认中华民国是中国的合法政府
or the Republic of China as the legitimate government of China
但大多数国家都非官方的承认台湾
most countries do recognise Taiwan unofficially
在他们的国家设台湾领事馆
and have Taiwan Embassies within their countries.
其他国家并不想公开承认台湾是个国家
But countries tend to avoid officially recognising Taiwan as a country
这会激怒中国
as it pisses off China.
这就是为什么美国国务院
This is the reason why the US Department of State
列出了195个国家 不包含台湾
list 195 countries and excluded Taiwan,
因为美国不想激怒中国 原因是
because the United States really wouldn’t want to piss of China, for uh…
原因是 我们暂且说政治原因吧
let’s just say political reasons….
大家都明白台湾问题了吗？
So, is everyone clear on the situation with Taiwan then?
没有？ 好吧 没人能真正明白 不过让我们继续
No? Well, no one really is but we need to move on.
讲一下我居住的地方：英国
To the place where I live: the United Kingdom.
更确切的说是苏格兰 但是我想谈的是英国
More specifically Scotland but it’s the United Kingdom I want to talk about.
英国通常被认为是一个联合王国
The United Kingdom is generally referred to as a”country ofcountries”
包含：苏格兰 英格兰 威尔士和北爱尔兰
consisting of: Scotland, England, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
所以 英国是一个国家还是四个国家？
So, is the United Kingdom one country or four countries?
首先 认为在英国有四个国家
Well, first of all, it’s actually a misconception
是个误解
that there are four countries in the UK.
实际上只有三个王国
There’s actually only three.
苏格兰和英格兰
See, while Scotland and England
都具有独立王国的历史
both have a history of being independent countries,
威尔士就有点复杂
and Wales is a little more complicated
它以前通常被认为是个公国 现在是个国家
as it was previously considered a principality, but as is now a country,
但北爱尔兰以前和现在都不是个国家
but Northern Ireland is not, nor has it ever been, a country.
北爱尔兰实际上被认为是英国的一个省
Northern Ireland is technically considered a provinceof the United Kingdom.
国际标准化组织发表的这份新闻通讯
This newsletter from the International Organisationfor Standardisation
清晰地列出了北爱尔兰是一个省
clearly lists Northern Ireland as a province,
也说明了威尔士从公国升级为一个国家的状态
as well as the status of Wales being upgraded from principality to a country.
虽然对1542年威尔士结束公国有争议
Although it could be argued the principality of Wales ended in 1542
威尔士也作为国家持续了几个世纪
and that Wales has been a country for centuries.
一个简洁的英国史教程
A very brief British history lesson.
1707年 苏格兰王国和英格兰王国（包括威尔士）
In 1707, the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England (which included Wales)
加入大不列颠王国的创建
joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.
1801年 爱尔兰王国加入
In 1801, the Kingdom of Ireland joined to create the
创建大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
然后在1922年爱尔兰独立战争后
Then, in 1922, after the Irish War of Independence
爱尔兰撤出联合王国 建立爱尔兰共和国
Ireland succeeded from Britain and formed the Republic of Ireland.
相信与否 就这样 整个爱尔兰岛脱离联合王国
Believe it or not, very briefly, the whole island of Ireland succeeded from Britain,
但北爱尔兰很快期望重新回归
but Northern Ireland quickly and expectedly re-joined
创建大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国
to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
正如今天众所周知的名称
Which is what it’s known as today.
所以 北爱尔兰曾经是爱尔兰的一部分
So, Northern Ireland was part of Ireland
现在是英国的一部分
and is now part of the UK,
但从来都不是一个独立主权国家
but has never been a country in its own right.
北爱尔兰甚至都没有自己的国旗
Northern Ireland doesn’t even have its own official flag!
圣帕特里克的饰物有时被非官方用来
The St. Patrick’s solitaire is sometimes used unofficially
区分北爱尔兰和英国其他部分
to distinguish Northern Ireland from the rest of the UK.
红手旗通常用在体育赛事中
And the Ulster Banner is also generally used for sporting events
在足球世界杯上代表自己的足球国家队
and what the FIFA use to represent their national football team.
但是唯一的官方旗帜
But the one and only one official flag
是英国国旗
the Union Jack.
所以 英国由三个国家和一个省构成
So, the UK is made up of three countries and one province.
三个国家都不独立或拥有主权
And while the three countries are not independent countries or sovereign states,
但它们依然是国家
they are still countries.
国中之国这个名词指的是：构成国
The term for a country within a country is a”constituent country”
英国并不是唯一一个
and is not unique to the United Kingdom.
荷兰是构成国荷兰联合王国的一部分
The Netherlands is constituent country with the Kingdom of the Netherlands,
荷兰联合王国还包括其他三个国家：阿鲁巴 库腊索岛和圣马丁岛
which contains three other countries: Aruba, Curacao, and Sint Maartin.
荷兰位于欧洲
The Netherlands is in Europe,
但其他三个岛位于加勒比海
while the other three are island countries in the Caribbean
相距5000英里
some 5000 miles away.
说的更复杂些
To further complicate matters,
荷兰在欧洲包含12个省
the Netherlands is made up of 12 provinces in Europe,
还包含三个直辖市
as well as three special municipalities —
直辖市同样在加勒比海
also in the Caribbean.
它们是：博内尔岛 圣尤斯特歇斯岛和萨巴岛
These are: Bonaire, St. Eustatius, and Saba,
一起被称为荷兰加勒比区
collectively referred to as the Caribbean Netherlands.
荷属加勒比岛这个词语被用来指
And the term Dutch Caribbean is used to refer to all of the Caribbean islands
荷兰联合王国的所有在加勒比海的岛屿
within the kingdom of the Netherlands.
所有这四个国家被认为是平等的
All 4 countries within the Kingdom are considered equal,
但实际上
but in reality,
98%的人口和土地在12个欧洲省份中
98 % of both the population and the land area of the within the 12 European provinces.
另一个例子是丹麦联合王国
Another example would be the Kingdom of Denmark,
包含两个独立自治国家：格陵兰和法罗群岛
which holds sovereignty of the two autonomous countries of Greenland and the Faroe Islands.
格陵兰岛是世界上最大的岛屿 而不是大洲
Greenland being the world’s largest island that’s not a continent
法罗群岛是苏格兰北部的一个小群岛
and the Faroe Islands are a small archipelago north of Scotland.
尽管格陵兰岛的面积
But despite Greenland being over 1500 times
是法罗群岛的1500倍
the size of the Faroe Islands,
它们都同样拥有大概五万人口
they both have similar populations of around 50,000.
法属玻里尼西亚
There’s also French Polynesia,
是法国共和国所属的海外国家
which is an overseas country of the French Republic,
由南太平洋上若干岛屿构成
made up of several islands in the South Pacific,
最著名的是塔希提岛
most notable of which is the island of Tahiti.
我们下面来看稍微复杂些的
Then we come to a slightly more complicated situation with New Zealand
新西兰以及纽埃和库克群岛
and the countries of Niue and the Cook Islands
它们一致承认是自由联邦
who are in a agreement known as free association.
世界上仅有其他三个国家
There are only three other countries in the world
同属自由联邦 它们是
under free association, and those are:
马绍尔群岛 密克罗尼西亚联邦和帕劳
the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, and Palau.
都与美国自由联盟
All in free association with the United States.
这三个国家的最大不同点是 它们是联合国成员国
The major difference is that all three of these countries are members of the UN
纽埃和库克群岛则不是联合国成员国
while Niue and the Cook Islands are not.
自由联邦可被认为是独立国家 也可被认为非独立
Freely associated states can either be thought of as independent or not,
或者二者皆有？
or even… both?
这有点像薛定谔的猫
It’s kind of like a Schrodinger’s cat situation
猫同时可被认为死去和活着
in which the cat can be thought of as both dead and alive simultaneously.
纽埃和库克群岛可被同时认为独立或非独立
Niue and the Cook Islands can be considered both independent or not simultaneously,
所以我们可称之为 薛定谔的国家
so we can call these two…. Schrodinger’s countries.
最后 我们来看一类国家（我没有很严谨地使用这个词）
And finally, we come to a category of countries (and I use the term loosely),
只被很少国家承认 或者根本无人承认
that have received little or no recognition.
例如 索马里兰
One example would be Somaliland,
它是索马里的一部分 声称自己是个独立国家
part of Somalia that has declared itself an independent country
但距今为止 没有任何一个国家承认其独立
but thus far received absolutely no recognition whatever ever…from any country
无论是联合国成员国还是其他国家
UN member or otherwise.
当然也有其他国家
Of course there are other examples,
至少收到了一些国家的承认
all of whom have received at least some recognition,
虽然极其有限 而且有时候
albeit extremely limited, and in some cases,
甚至没有任何联合国成员国承认
not even by any UN members.
是否为一个国家 外界认同是关键因素
External recognition is a key attribute to considered a country
所以现在就叫以上这些有争议的地方为国家
and therefore it would be a bit of a stretch to call any of them
就有点牵强
countries at the moment.
所以 世界上到底有多少个国家？
So, how many countries are there in the world?
真的没有一个正确或错误的答案
Well, there really are no right or wrong answers.
我是说 当然有错误的答案
Well, I mean, there are wrong answers.
例如 五个 就是错误的答案
Five, for example, is a wrong answer.
但因为 “国家” 这个词的含糊不清
But because of the ambiguity of the word’country’,
并没有一个广泛接受的答案
there isn’t one generally accepted answer.
希望你能理解这个视频
Hopefully you understand that the point of this video
我提供给你必要的信息
is that I provided you with the necessary information,
这样你就可以得出自己的判断 得到答案
so that you could apply your own judgement to get the answer.
但如果你真的想要一些数字
But if you really want some numbers,
一些可能的答案是
some possible answers would be…
仅就联合国成员国的数量
Just the members of the UN,
算上梵蒂冈 因为它是个国家
counting the Vatican City since it’s also a country,
算上科索沃 联合国最多国家认可的国家
counting Kosovo, the most recognised country not in the UN,
算上台湾 非正式国家
counting Taiwan – the unofficial country,
算上巴勒斯坦 联合国观察国
counting the State of Palestine, the UN observer state,
我们再算上未被认可的国家
then we could count the unrecognised countries,
构成国家
the constituent countries, and
以及纽埃和库克群岛
Niue and the Cook Islands.
数字有些失控 我们开始称所有地区都为国家
Then things could get a bit out of hand and we could start calling everything a country.
例如：香港 波多黎各和百慕大
For example: Hong Kong, Puerto Rico and Bermuda.
它们都不是国家 但是根据字典上的国家定义
None of which are countries but given the dictionary definition
称它们为国家又不夸张
it wouldn’t seem too far-fetched to call them countries.
那样我们就会得到无限个答案
Then we could come up with a near infinite number of answers
基于你如何对“国家”这个词的运用
depending on how you apply the use of the word’country’.
看起来最为广泛接受的答案是196个
But it seems that the most widely accepted answer is 196.
但很重要的是 你理解196个的意义
But it’s important that you understand the answer of 196
这样即使有些事变了 你也能随时调整数量
so that if something changes you can adjust the number accordingly,
也许不能
or not.
例如 假设科索沃变为联合国第194个成员国
For example, if Kosovo hypothetically became the 194th member of the UN,
那么国家总数量就为196个
there would still be 196 countries,
但如果你的答案是194个 那么你只需要增加一个
but if you used 194 as your answer then you would need to add one.
需要注意很重要的是
An important note to end is
视频中的信息仅在上传时保证正确性
that everything in this video is correct at the time it was uploaded
即2013年6月底
in late June of 2013,
事物会发展变化 取决于你何时观看此视频
and things may have changed depending on when you’re watching this.
非常感谢观看我的首个视频
Well, thank you very much for watching my very first YouTube video,
请一定要订阅
and be sure to subscribe
我还有很多拍摄视频的想法
as I’ve got dozens more ideas for videos
迫不及待要开始制作
that I can’t wait to start making.
再次感谢！
Thanks again!
【特别感谢】
[Special thanks to]