Hello, everyone and welcome back to English with Lucy.
大家好 欢迎回到《露西教英文》
If you want to sound intelligent
如果你们想在说英语的时候
and professional when you speak English,
给人感觉既聪明又专业
Then you need to watch this video.
那就不能错过今天的视频
Trust me.
相信我
I am going to show you the two things that you need to avoid doing
如果你想在说英语时 给人聪明又睿智的感觉
if you want to sound smart and clever in English.
我会告诉你两件需要避免做的事
I’m going to discuss two phenomena
这两点让人们在说英语时
that make people sound dumb and unintelligent
变得既愚蠢又笨拙
when they speak without them even realising it.
但他们甚至都没有意识到这些错误
If you do one of these things in a job interview,
如果你在面试时犯了其中一个大忌
it has actually been proven that
事实证明这会
it decreases your chances of getting hired.
减少你被公司录用的机会
I’m going to fully explain these two phenomena.
我会充分解释这两种现象
I’m gonna tell you where they’re derived from,
告诉你们它们源自哪里
where they came from.
是怎么来的
I’m going to tell you why you shouldn’t use them or do them.
以及为什么不该使用它们或那样做
and I will also mention these specific occasions where it is okay to use them.
还会提到可以使用它们的一些特定情境
Quickly, before we get started, I’d just like to
赶快 在我们开始之前
thank the sponsor of today’s video. It is italki.
我要感谢今天视频的赞助商italki
If you haven’t heard of italki before,
或许你之前没有听说过italki
it’s a huge online database of
它其实是一个大型的在线数据库
both native and non-native teachers
拥有母语和非母语教师
who give one-to-one online video lessons
为你全天提供一对一在线视频课程
24 hours a day 7 days a week.
且全年无休
You can learn English and over 130 other languages
只要你有稳定的网络连接
from anywhere in the world as long as
就可以在世界上任何地方学习英语
you have a stable internet connection.
和130多种其他语言
It’s an incredibly affordable way of learning a language,
这真的是一种相当划算的语言学习方式
much cheaper than an offline tutor or Language Academy.
比线下导师或语言学院要便宜得多
So many people message me and ask me
很多人留言问我
how they can access and talk to native speakers.
如何找到说母语的人并与之交谈
italki is the perfect solution
italki是个完美的解决方案
because as well as the native teachers they have,
因为除了有母语教师之外
they also have community teachers and language partners.
他们还有社区教师和语言搭档
These guys will practice conversation with you.
这些人都会跟你练习对话
They’ve given me an offer to pass onto you.
他们推出了一个优惠活动 让我转告你们
You will receive 10 dollars worth of italki credits in your student wallet
首次下单任意金额后的48小时内
48 hours after making your first purchase of any amount.
你的学习账户将获得价值10美元的italki积分
That could be a free lesson.
那可以兑换一节免费课
Just click on the link below in the description box to sign up.
只需点击下方描述栏中的链接即可注册
Right, let’s get started with this very important lesson.
好的 让我们开始上这节非常重要的课程吧
The first of two topics that I’m going to discuss two things
两大禁忌中 我要讨论的第一个需要停止
you need to either stop doing or avoid doing, is upward inflection.
或避免做的事就是 语调上扬
This is a feature of language which has many names.
这是一种有很多个名称的语言特性
It’s also called upspeak, uptalk,
它也叫作upspeak uptalk
rising intonation,
rising intonation
high rising terminal,
high rising terminal
or high rising intonation.
或者high rising intonation
This is where declarative sentence clauses end
这是指说完一个陈述性从句时
with a rising pitch intonation.
结尾语调都会上扬一下
In simple terms, this means that you say statements or
简单来说 意思就是你把陈述句
affirmative phrases as you would a question.
或肯定短语 说得像个问句
For example, when I asked “would you like some help?”
比如当我问“would you like some help？”
I say “would you like some help?”
我会说“would you like some help？”
I raised the pitch at the end of the sentence to show that it’s a question.
我在句末提高了音调来表明这是一个问句
Would you like anything else with that?
“Would you like anything else with that？”
It goes up ever so slightly.
它的音调会稍微升高
Now, with upward inflections there’s normally a series of
所以由于语调上扬 导致了
these clauses with rising intonation,
一连串的分句都会升调
but then in the final clause, the end of the sentence,
但在说最后一个分句时
there’s usually a falling pitch.
语调要往下降
So think about that. Would you like some help?
所以想一想 “would you like some help？”
Question. Well, if I said,
问题来了 如果我说
“yes I would like some help”
“yes I would like some help”
but did it with an upward inflection,
但我是用升调说的
it would sound, “Yes, I’d like some help?”
它就会听起来像 “yes I would like some help？”
It doesn’t sound quite right but it’s now really really common.
这听起来不太对劲 但现在真的很常见
Especially in American English, but we’ll talk about that later
尤其是在美式英语中 但稍后谈到
when we talk about where it came from.
它的来源时 再进行讨论
So an example of this upward inflection is,
那么我来举一个升调的例子
“Me and William, we went to the shops,
“Me and William we went to the shops
we bought some apples, we bought some pears,
we bought some apples we bought some pears
we saw my friend Jessica,
we saw my friend Jessica
and then we went home.
and then we went home”
So did you notice that?
大家注意到了吗？
When I was talking,
我在说的时候
my voice raised at the end of each Clause,
每个分句的句末都提升了音调
and then at the end of the sentence, the pitch fell.
然后在最后一句末尾处又往下降调
That felt ridiculous to do that.
这样做感觉有点可笑
Now, if you want to sound professional and intelligent,
好的 如果你想要让人感觉既专业又聪明
you need to avoid doing this.
则需要避免这么做
Many of my students used to do this
我的很多学生都有这样的毛病
and they used to do it for two reasons.
他们这样做有两个原因
The first reason was that they’d heard it
第一个原因就是他们
in the movies or in TV shows
在电影或电视节目中听到过
and they had been subconsciously emulating it.
而且一直在下意识地模仿
This is because this upward inflection is thought to be derived
这种语调上扬的风格源于
from the west coast of America
美国的西海岸
where lots of films are based.
很多电影都是在那拍的
Nowadays you’ll see it in a lot of movies
如今很多电影都会
when they’re trying to portray character
用语调上扬来体现人物
as unintelligent or superficial.
无知或肤浅的性格特点
In America, I also think this is called Valley speak,
在美国 这也被称为山谷语
although that covers a lot of things.
尽管它涵盖了很多方面
It kind of describes a valley girl,
它描述的是来自某个特定地区的
a girl from a certain area, who speaks like this,
山谷女孩的腔调
and is a bit superficial and a bit fake.
会显得有点肤浅和虚伪
So that’s the first reason why my students use this
所以 这是我以前教现实生活中的学生时
when I used to teach real-life in-person students.
他们会这样说话的第一个原因
The second reason was much more understandable.
第二个原因更容易理解了
They used to raise their voice at the end of a sentence
大家习惯在句末把语调上扬
because they weren’t 100% sure
是因为他们不能100%确定
if what they just said was grammatically correct.
刚刚说的语法是否正确
They were raising their voice like a question to imply that
他们像提问一样 把语调上扬
they wanted correction or reassurance.
其实是暗示想得到纠正或肯定
For example, a student might say to me,
比如 一个学生可能会对我说
“I went back to my country to visit my mother?”
“我回国去看望我妈妈吗？”
Like I’m not quite sure if this is correct
感觉就是 我不确定这样说对不对
but I hope you’ll correct me.
但我希望你能纠正我
It’s sort of like asking a question by making a statement.
这有点像通过陈述句来提问的感觉
Now, if you’re a non-native speaker,
那么 如果你的母语不是英语
you should really avoid doing this,
你真的要避免这样说
if you’re in a professional situation,
包括如果是在一个专业的场合
because it shows your insecurities about your language skills.
因为这会表现出你对自己语言能力的不自信
It might make your client or interviewer doubt that
还可能会让你的客户或面试官质疑你
you are confident with your language skills.
对自身英语能力的自信心
Now, some of the advice that
我在之前的视频里
I’ve given you in previous videos is to
提到过 建议模仿
copy people that you want to sound like.
你想模仿的人的发音
So, try and imitate them in order to
所以为了改善你的发音和流利度
improve your pronunciation and your fluency.
请试着模仿他们
Bear in mind when you select someone that you’d like to imitate
记住 当你选择一个想模仿的人的时候
if they use up put inflections or not.
注意他们有没有升调的习惯
If they are using them then it might be best to find someone else,
如果有的话 那么最好换一个人
unless you just really like the sound of upward inflections,
除非你真的很喜欢升调的发音
and I’m not going to judge you for that.
那样的话我也管不着
When I was a kid, I used to think that
在我小时候 我曾经认为
upward inflections were cool
升调很酷
because they were what I saw in the movies.
因为那是我在电影里看到的
So, my friends and I. I’ve mentioned this before,
我之前提过这事 我和我朋友们
we used to play pretend at school and at home in American accents,
以前在学校和家时 会用美式口音玩假扮游戏
and we used to use this upward inflection
而且常用上升的语调
because we just saw the cool movie stars doing it,
因为看到帅气的电影明星用升调说话
so we did it too.
所以我们也跟着做
So, I can understand why you’d want to copy it,
因此我能理解你们为什么想模仿升调
but I just want to warn you the risks of copying it.
但是我只想提醒一下这样说的风险
Now, the second topic that I’m going to talk about
那么我要说的第二个禁忌
is the word like.
就是like这个词
But I want you to fully understand
我希望大家可以充分掌握
all of the uses of the word like and the situations
like 这个词的所有用法
and the situations in which should not use like.
以及知道什么时候不该用
I’m going to talk about six uses for like,
我将说明like的六种用法
two of which are very, very bad.
其中有两种是极其糟糕
They are not professional.
且不专业的
They will make you sound, am I going to say it?
会让你给人感觉 我该不该说呢？
Yeah, they’ll make you sound dumb.
是的 会让人感觉很蠢
You will sound dumb if you say this.
如果你这样说的话真的很蠢
Potentially controversial but I’m protective of you.
我这样说可能有争议 但我是想保护你们
I don’t want you to sound unintelligent.
我不想让你们表现得不够聪明
Now, the overuse of the word like is
如今 对like的过度使用
the pet hate of many of the older generations.
是很多老一辈人最讨厌的事
It’s something new that’s come in through popular culture.
这是流行文化衍生出的新事物
I imagine it came in around the 90s,
我原以为 它是在90年代左右出现
but I looked back and actually,
但我想了一下 事实上
it’s been around for a lot longer than that.
它在那之前就早已出现了
There are many situations in which like is the perfect word to use
在很多情况下 like是最佳使用词汇
and the only correct one that you can use.
也是唯一能使用的正确词汇
But if you listen in to a typical young conversation,
但如果你听段年轻人之间的正常交流
you will probably hear the word like an obscene amount of times.
你可能会无数次听到like这个词
Next time you listen to a Youtuber’s storytime
下次你收听油管主播的故事频道时
try and count how many times they say like in your head.
可以在脑海中数一下他们说了多少次like
I know that I say it too much as well.
我知道我也说了很多次like
I use it to replace other words when I shouldn’t.
我会用它来代替其他不应该用的词
So firstly, like can be used as a preposition in comparisons.
第一 like可以在比较结构中作介词
For example, she looks like Candace King.
比如 She looks like Candace King
A noun, Candace King is a noun.
这里Candace King是一个名词
I said that example because so many of you comment
我举这个例子是因为你们很多人
below my videos saying I look like her,
在我的视频下评论说我长得像她
and I looked at her Instagram
然后我去看了她的Instagram
and I am very flattered. Very very flattered.
我觉得受宠若惊 实在是过奖了
Secondly, like can be used as a conjunction.
第二 like可以用作连词
For example, they seem like they are happy together.
比如 They seem like they are happy together
Thirdly, it can be used as a noun.
第三 它可以用作名词
What are your likes and dislikes?
What are your likes and dislikes?
And finally it can be used as a verb.
最后 它可以用作动词
I like this music. Do you like me?
I like this music. Do you like me?
Now, number five and six are these controversial uses
第五和第六个用法就比较有争议了
that you should consider avoiding if you want to sound intelligent.
建议大家尽量避免 才会让你显得比较聪明
Number five, like can be used as a quotative,
第五 like可以用作引语
and in particular a colloquial or slang quotative.
尤其是口语或俚语
It’s used to express that whatever follows
但后面接的通常不是
isn’t an exact quotation but gives a general feel for what is said.
完整的原话 只是大意如此
That might not seem clear
这样解释可能不是很清楚
but when I give you an example, it will be.
我给你们举个例子 就会明白了
In this usage you put like together with a verb
在这种用法中 like 通常会和
and it’s normally the verb to be.
动词不定式 to be 搭配在一起
This is a really important one for you to understand
这是非常重要的一点
because we do use it a lot in colloquial informal English.
因为我们确实在非正式英语口语中经常使用
I definitely use it with my friends.
我绝对跟我朋友们这样说过
An example.
举个例子
He was like I can’t go to the party.
He was like I can’t go to the party.
I’m saying he plus to be plus like,
我用 he 加上 to be 加上 like
he was like and this expresses that whatever I’m going to say
“he was like” 表示我之后要说的话
after this is not exactly what he said but it’s similar.
并不是他的原话 但是一个意思
He was like, “I can’t go to the party.”
他意思是 “我去不了派对了”
And I was like, “oh my god I can’t believe it.”
我就觉得 “哦 我的天 简直不敢相信”
This form of like can also be used to
这种like的形式可以用来
paraphrase an idea or an unspoken feeling.
解释一个想法或一种未说出口的感觉
For example, I was like, “what the hell?”
比如 我想说 “什么鬼啊？”
I didn’t say, “what the hell?”
我没有把“什么鬼啊？”说出来
I’m showing how I felt or what I thought.
我是在表达我的感受或想法
And number six like can be used as a filler.
第六 like可以用作填充词
This is probably the most common use of like.
这可能是like最常见的用法了
Like can be used in the same way as um or er.
Like的用法跟嗯或呃一样
For example, she asked me to like,
比如 she askd me to like
give a speech but I hadn’t like,
give a speech but I hadn’t like
prepared anything.
prepared anything
It’s exactly the same as saying she asked me to um,
这个和说 “她要我 嗯
give a speech but I hadn’t,
做一个演讲 但是我还没
um, prepared anything.
嗯 准备任何东西” 完全一样
Now, the reason why you shouldn’t use like in this way
不该这样使用like的原因是
is it shows a sort of nonchalance
它让人感觉你对自己说的话完全
or disinterest in what you’re saying,
不感兴趣或是漠不关心
like you can’t be bothered to properly think about
就好像你懒得好好思考
what you’re speaking about.
你自己在说什么
Be really, really careful if you do decide to use this
所以一定要谨慎使用
because you can get into such a strong habit.
以免用成习惯了
In general, I like to say avoid using er and um,
一般来说 我建议大家不要使用 呃和嗯
but sometimes it’s impossible.
但有时这是不可避免的
Sometimes you just can’t think of the word
有时你只是想不起那个词了
and you need to include a filler.
所以要说一个填充词
I would highly suggest avoiding using like as a filler
我强烈建议不要把like当填充词来用
because it ends up sounding really, really juvenile.
因为这样给人感觉真的非常幼稚
Now, in certain parts of the UK,
现在英国的某些地方
like is also being used as a filler on the end of phrases.
like也被用做短语末尾的填充词
It’s sort of being used as an alternative to,
也可以说是用作替代词
you know which is also a repetitive thing that we use too much.
这也是我们过多重复使用的用法
It’s a colloquial interjection
它是一个口语感叹词
and it shows the desire for everyone to
表明个人想保持冷静和
remain calm and to reduce tension.
减轻紧张感的意愿
For example. Just be cool, like.
举个例子 “Just be cool, like.”
Or it doesn’t matter, like.
或者 “it does’t matter, like.”
Now I would never say this
我永远不会这样说
because in my region we don’t say this
因为我所在的地区没有这种说法
and I probably sound ridiculous saying it,
我那样说可能会听上去很可笑
but in the northern region of the UK and in Wales,
但是在英国的北部 比如威尔士
for example, they do use this.
他们确实会这样说
Right, those are the two things that you need to
好了 如果你想在说英语时
consider avoiding if you want to sound intelligent and professional
不想给人感觉愚蠢 而是既聪明又专业
and not dumb when speaking English.
那么说英语需要注意以上两个大忌
If there’s anything else that you think we could avoid
如果你认为还有其他应注意的地方
or include to sound better in English,
可以让我们说英语时给人感觉更棒
please do comment it down below.
请在下方评论哦
Don’t forget to check out italki.
别忘记查看italki
The link to sign up is in the description box.
注册链接就在描述栏里
You can connect with me on all of my social media.
你可以在我所有的社交媒体上与我联系
I’ve got my facebook, I’ve got my Instagram, and I’ve got my Twitter
我有Facebook Instagram 还有Twitter
and I’ve got my new personal channel,
我还开设了新的个人频道
the Lucy Bella Earl channel,
Lucy Bella Earl
where I talk about everything that isn’t English.
在那里我会分享一切无关英语的内容
I will see you soon for another lesson.
下节课再见
It’s an incredibly affordable way of learning a language.
italki是非常划算的语言学习方式
Much cheaper than an offline tutor or language Academy.
比线下导师或语言学院都要便宜得多
I’m actually going to die.
我真的要热死了
It’s so hot in this room.
这个房间太热了
I found a radiator that won’t switch off.
我发现了一个关不掉的暖气片
I don’t know what to do.
我不知道该怎么办
I’ve called my landlord.
我给房东打电话了
So firstly, like can be used as a preparation.
首先 like可以用作准备（口误）
Preparation. Sound magical.
准备 听起来有点神奇