SPEAKER: Close your eyes.
闭上你的眼睛
Now I want you to think about the most famous painting in art history.
现在我想让你想一幅艺术史上最著名的画作
Are you picturing Mona Lisa?
你想的是《蒙娜丽莎》么？
Yeah, right.
是的 没错
OK.
好的
Now think about the second most famous painting you know.
现在想一下你知道的第二幅最出名的画作
Open your eyes.
睁开你的眼睛
Was I right?
我猜对了么？
This one, as you may already know, is called “The Scream,”
这一幅 你可能知道它的名字《呐喊》
and was painted by Norwegian artist Edvard Munch in 1893.
由挪威画家爱德华·蒙克于1893年创作
How do you feel looking at it?
当你看到它的时候有什么感觉？
Uncomfortable, but at the same time hypnotized?
不舒服？同时觉得被催眠了？
For more than a century this allegory of pain and panic
一个多世纪以来 这幅对画中人痛苦和恐慌的描绘
has been reproduced, caricatured,
被人们所再现和夸张
and parodied to become a touchstone of pop culture.
甚至被夸张的模仿成为流行文化的试金石
From the terrifying mask of the movie “Scream “
从电影《尖声惊叫》 中可怕的面具
to the poster for “Home Alone,” the spine-chilling painting
甚至《小鬼当家》令人毛骨悚然的海报
even has its own emoji.
都用到了它的表情
Somewhere between extreme Impressionism and early expressionism
介于极端印象主义和早期印象主义之间
there’s this hairless, browless,
这个无毛发 也没有眉毛的
alien-like figure standing on a bridge,
类似外星人形状的人物站在桥上
blank-eyed, mouth wide open.
空洞的眼神 全张的大嘴
Its distorted body twirls like a wave of distress.
扭曲的身体就好像那悲痛的浪潮
Is it a man?
这是个男人么？
A woman?
还是个女人？
Is it even human?
甚至可以问 它是个人么？
I don’t know why, I just didn’t understand it when I was a kid,
不知道为什么 我小时候看不懂
but I kind of relate to it now in a way,
但是现在在某种程度上能理解它了
in the way that life around me is kind of distorted sometimes.
某种程度上来说 我的生活就是有些扭曲的
Some art historians suggest
一些艺术历史学家认为
Munch might have been inspired by a Peruvian mummy he saw
蒙克可能是在巴黎的世界博览会上
at the World’s Fair in Paris.
被他看到的秘鲁木乃伊激发出了灵感
It might even be Edvard Munch himself.
它也有可能是爱德华·蒙克本人
Reminiscing, about the scene, he writes,
回忆那个场景时 他写道
“I was walking along the road with two friends.
“我和两个朋友走在路上
The sun was setting.
太阳正在落下
Suddenly the sky turned blood red.
突然天空变成了血红色
I paused, feeling exhausted, and leaning on the fence.
我停下脚步 感觉到很疲惫 然后倚靠在栅栏上
There was blood and tongues of fire above the blue/black fjord in the city.
城市蓝黑色的峡湾之上是血与火舌
My friends walked on, and I stood there
我的朋友继续走着 而我依旧站在那里
trembling with anxiety.
惶恐不安的颤抖着
And I sensed an infinite scream passing through nature.”
我感觉到天地间到处都能听到刺耳的尖叫
Hence the original title of the work, “The Scream of Nature,”
因此这幅作品最初的标题为《自然的呐喊》
because contrary to what is often assumed,
因为与人们通常认为的相反
the scream does not necessarily show the screamer.
这个呐喊并不是主要表现呐喊者在尖叫
Some experts actually believe that the image shows the figure
一些专家认为这幅画作展示的是画里的人
hearing a scream instead.
听到了尖叫
The scream itself seems to be distorting all the nature elements
这声尖叫似乎令天地万物颤抖扭曲
like a shock wave.
就像一阵冲击波
Or maybe it reflects the troubled mental state
又或者它反映出画中人
of the main figure.
一种错乱的精神状态
Only the bridge seems to resist, with its linear planks
只有桥的扶手木板不是扭曲的
and thick, straight banister.
而是结实笔直的
Everything else is filled with sinuous lines
其它所有元素都是由弯曲的线条
and vivid colors– red, blue, orange, and green
和鲜艳的颜色—— 用红色 蓝色 橘色和绿色
depicting the also fjord and a disrupted sky above
描述峡湾和天空的混乱
reminiscent of van Gogh’s la nuit étoilée
让人想起了梵高的《星空》
An American astrophysicist suggests
一位美国天体物理学家提出
the spoiling sky might have been caused
这个沸腾的天空可能是由
by the cataclysmic eruption of the Krakatoa volcano in 1883
1883年喀拉喀托火山的灾难性喷发造成的
whose ashes tinted European skies red.
它的灰烬染红了欧洲的天空
Edvard Munch completed several variations of it
爱德华·蒙克一共完成了几个版本
with pastels and pencils, and even a lithograph.
分别用蜡笔和铅笔进行创作 甚至用上了平板印刷
Two of them have been stolen and later found,
它们中的两个都被偷走过 但是后来又被找到了
which shows how much fascination this work of art holds.
这也表明了这幅画作无穷的魅力