ADHD stands for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
ADHD指注意力缺陷多动障碍
and it’s often described as a mental disorder.
通常被视为心理障碍
Children with ADHD have trouble paying attention
患有ADHD的儿童们没办法集中注意力
are hyperactive and often have difficulty controlling their behavior.
表现出过度兴奋且通常无法控制自己
It is estimated that it affects around five percent of all children
据估算 ADHD影响全球5%的儿童
aged 3 to 17 globally.
年龄在3到17岁
and every girl around three boys are diagnosed with it.
男女患者的比例大约为3 ：1
To understand how it affects children in school
为了了解ADHD是如何影响在校儿童的
let’s look at the story of Leo,
让我们看看Leo的案例
a 12-year-old boy who goes to school
一个在上学的想要好好表现
with the best intentions but struggles hard to succeed.
却很挣扎的12岁男孩
Attention deficit is his biggest problem.
他最大的问题是注意力缺失
Leo gets distracted so easily.
Leo很容易走神
It happens even when he tries his hardest to focus.
即使在最大努力集中注意的情况下
He often realizes that he has suddenly zoned out
他经常察觉到自己上课开小差
and spent the last 15 minutes
在课堂最后的15分钟
thinking about something entirely different.
想着跟课程毫不相关的事情
Just the tiniest thing can get him off track.
很微小的事情都能让他分心
To him, it feels like his brain is broken.
他感觉他的脑子好像不太正常
He is also forgetful.
他也很健忘
Books and homeworks are often left at home
课本和作业经常落在家里忘记带
and he doesn’t miss an assignment
也经常记不起来作业是什么
he often loses it somewhere or forgets to turn it in.
他经常把作业弄丢了或者忘记提交
His grades are terrible
他的学习成绩很糟糕
and some teachers are beginning to think that he is a lost case.
一些老师开始觉得他是个典型的失败案例
Then there is his hyperactivity:
接下来是他好动多动的情况
When they have to do group work
在团队协作的时候
he is restless and has trouble staying focused.
他焦虑 坐立不安 很难保持专注
Staying calm and listening while others speak
保持镇定并且仔细听他人讲话
can completely drain him
对他来说非常困难
making any normal conversation a serious challenge.
这导致每次沟通都是个巨大的挑战
To him, it feels like there is no capacity left in his brain
对他来说 似乎大脑没有能力
to deal with all the input that needs to be processed.
去处理获得的信息
He then feels angry about not being able to follow along.
从而他会因为没跟上大家节奏而生气
To help cope with his hyperactivity
为了降低多动症的影响
he likes to keep his hands busy all the time.
他会不停地做各种小动作
Last, there is his impulsive behavior:
最后 我们讲讲他的冲动行为
He often cannot refrain from saying things that come to his mind.
他通常想到什么就会立马说出来
Sometimes he tries hard to control himself
有时他会努力控制自己
but then just blurts out and interrupts others.
但还是会不假思索地表达并打扰到其他人
His classmates find this annoying.
他的同学们很反感这种行为
He literally regrets his hot-headed behavior
他的确后悔自己的脑热行为
but he knows that unfortunately
但遗憾的是
he will do it again and again.
他知道还会有下一次 再下一次
It seems to him that he can’t learn from his mistakes.
他看起来没办法从失败中学习经验
Teachers get frustrated trying to get him to behave.
对于他的表现老师变得沮丧
Others become impatient
周围人越发失去耐心
give up or distance themselves.
甚至放弃引导或者保持距离
After he is diagnosed and receives support through concrete steps
确诊后 在一系列的治疗引导下
things begin to get better.
他的情况开始转好
At school, he is seated next to a supportive student
在学校 他被安排坐在前排
in the front row of the class
紧靠帮助他学习的助手
he gets a notebook that lists all his assignments
他得到一个记录了他所有作业的笔记本
to help him remember and to make homework easier to track.
帮助他记忆背诵和改善课后回顾问题
He receives it for all subjects only once a week.
他每周拿到一次这个包含各科目的笔记本
To relax, he is allowed to use fidget objects during lessons
为了放松 上课时 他可以使用减压物品
and take short breaks when needed.
必要时可以停下来休息一下
After school he practices speaking and listening routines with the specialist.
放学后 他和专家一起练习口语和听力
Additionally, his dad bikes with him to school every morning
另外 他爸爸每天早晨会骑车送他上学
and in the afternoon he is allowed to play the ball as long as he wishes.
并且 在傍晚 他可以尽兴地踢球
For severe cases of ADHD, prescription drugs are often prescribed.
ADHD严重患者通常需要药物治疗
Before that happens
在提供药物治疗前
children like Leo need to undergo
像Leo一样的儿童
a professional age-appropriate diagnosis
需要专业并且对应年龄的诊断
by a child psychologist
诊断要由儿童专家来做
who will try to look below the surface.
他们会透过现象看本质
ADHD could just be the tip of the iceberg
ADHD可能只是一个表面的问题
the root cause might be drama at home
真正的原因可能是家庭氛围
bullying at school, poor sleep or the wrong diet.
学校暴力 睡眠不足或饮食不规律问题
Sir Ken Robinson told the story of Gillian Lynne
肯罗宾汉先生讲述了吉莉安琳的故事
an 8-year-old girl that was said to have a learning disorder.
一个被认为有学习障碍的8岁女孩
She could not concentrate and never sat still.
她无法集中精力 不能安静坐下来
When she was brought to the specialist
当她被带到专家那里
who didn’t subscribe any therapy
专家并没有提供治疗方案
but instead played music on the radio
相反 医生播放了音乐
the girl started dancing.
女孩随即开始跳舞
He then told her mother
医生告诉她妈妈
Gillian isn’t sick
吉莉安没有生病
she’s a dancer, take her to a dance school.
她爱跳舞 带她去舞蹈学校
Gillian Lynne later became a famous dancer
吉莉安琳之后成为了出名的舞蹈家
and then responsible for some of the most successful musicals in Broadway history.
塑造了很多百老汇音乐史上的经典剧
Please share your thoughts in the comments below.
底部评论区 欢迎分享看法
If you are hyperactive or if you are diagnosed with ADHD
如果您也好动 或者 被确诊了ADHD
please tell us about your coping mechanisms.
请告诉我们您的应对方法
So we can learn more about it from reading your insights.
这样我们可以了解的更多
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如果您支持我们的频道
and enabling us to make more such videos
希望看到更多类似视频
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